Combined treatment with AZD5363 and fulvestrant showed synergy in an ER(+) patient-derived xenograft and delayed tumor progression after cessation of therapy.
Taken together, our results indicate that increased expression of MTFR2 is associated with tumour progression in breast cancer cells through switching glucose metabolism from OXPHS to glycolysis in a HIF1α- and HIF2α-dependent manner.
IL-1α (Interleukin 1 alpha) and IL-1β (Interleukin 1 beta), encoded by IL1A and IL1B, respectively, are implicated in numerous inflammatory responses and in tumor progression.
There are conflicting data regarding the rate of its gene inactivation, the role of transcriptional and post-transcriptional factors, as well as its relationship to tumour progression and to the potential downstream regulator, the cell-cycle inhibitor p27.
Overexpression of variant isoforms of CD44 (CD44v) is most commonly linked to cancer progression, whereas their loss is associated with inhibition of tumor growth.
Our findings indicate that OPN and VEGF were both overexpressed in the analyzed SIP tissues and were associated with clinical severity, suggesting that the OPN-VEGF axis might contribute to tumor progression by enhancing angiogenesis.
To the best of our knowledge, the present study provides the first evidence that Sphk1 promotes HCC cell proliferation and is involved in tumor progression.
The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an attractive target for immunotherapeutic purposes because of its expression profile, its role in tumor progression, and its immunogenicity.
In contrast, activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a protein that promotes tumor cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis and has an important role in cancer progression in many of cancer types.
The lysyl oxidase-like protein LOXL2 has been suggested to contribute to tumor progression and metastasis, but <i>in vivo</i> evidence has been lacking.
IL-1α (Interleukin 1 alpha) and IL-1β (Interleukin 1 beta), encoded by IL1A and IL1B, respectively, are implicated in numerous inflammatory responses and in tumor progression.
The uncoupling of TRPM-2 expression and apoptosis observed in androgen-independent tumour cells implies that the function of androgen receptor becomes more restricted with tumour progression.