The angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA) plays a critical role during early pregnancy in many species including the rat, and any alterations in VEGFA levels can severely impact blastocyst implantation rates.
Immunohistochemical assays were performed to detect the expression of micro-vessel density (MVD), HIF-1α, and VEGF in villous tissue samples from 30 missed abortions and 30 elective abortions in early pregnancy.
The higher expression of VEGF, EGFR, and c-jun in early pregnancy was observed to be independent of DNA methylation, while it was associated with H3 K9/K27 trimethylations.
To evaluate and compare the early pregnancy (11-14 week of gestation) serum level of angiogenic proteins sFlt1, VEGF i PIGF between different types of pregnancy related hypertensive disorders.
Monkeys (n = 8) were treated with 3 COS protocols and assigned randomly to groups as follows: 1) COS alone (Control, n = 5); 2) COS + VEGF mAb Avastin 19 ± 5 h before hCG (Avastin pre-hCG; n = 6); 3) COS + Avastin 3-4 days post-hCG (Avastin post-hCG; n = 4); 4) COS + Simulated Early Pregnancy (SEP n = 3); or 5) COS + SEP + Avastin (SEP + Avastin n = 3).
The expressions of both Cx43 and VEGF at the level of mRNA and protein in the villi and decidua from women with RPL were significantly decreased compared with those from women with normal early pregnancy.
Maternal plasma VEGF levels in early pregnancy were positively associated with systolic blood pressure, whereas the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio at T2 was negatively associated with infant weight in the PE group.
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) play an important role in angiogenesis, and their gene expression patterns also suggest a close relationship with early pregnancy.
<b>Results</b> We found that the early pregnancy loss (EPL) rate increased as MTHFR polymorphism complexity increased and that the early EPL rate was significantly higher in patients with MTHFRC677T polymorphism compared to patients with MTHFRA1298C polymorphism (p = 0.039).
Because of the involvement of MTHFR, MTR and MTRR genes with folate metabolism and the evidence that maternal use of folic acid in early pregnancy reduces the risk for CL/P, we evaluated the influence of their polymorphisms on the etiology of CL/P through a case-control study.
The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms are commonly associated with defects in folate dependent homocysteine metabolism and have been implicated as risk factors for recurrent embryo loss in early pregnancy.
With the present study we can show for the first time that the embryonal MTHFR 677TT genotype is significantly associated with the development of structural congenital heart malformations during early pregnancy.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutations are commonly associated with hyperhomocysteinemia, and, through their defects in homocysteine metabolism, they have been implicated as risk factors for neural tube defects and unexplained, recurrent embryo losses in early pregnancy.
Because of MTHFR's involvement with folate metabolism and evidence that maternal use of a multivitamin with folic acid in early pregnancy reduces risk for cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP), we hypothesized that infants homozygous for the C677T genotype would be at increased risk for CLP because of lower MTHFR enzymatic activity.
In a population-based prospective cohort study of 5475 women, we computed gestational age-adjusted multiples of the medians of early pregnancy and midpregnancy PlGF concentrations.
Maternal plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) were lower (P<0.05 for both), whereas soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1; P<0.05) and the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio (P<0.01) were higher in early pregnancy in the PE group.
Serum PIGF is a promising novel diagnostic biomarker for early pregnancy location and outcome, and large-scale studies are now required to determine its clinical utility.
From this study, early pregnancy induced a lower Th1 immunity (IFN-γ) and a higher Th2 immunity (IL-4 and IL-10) in the PBMCs, which may be related to interferon-tau and P4, thereby contributing to successful pregnancy in cattle.
Exogenous administration of IL-10 was sufficient to overcome early pregnancy failure in dams treated to achieve simultaneous DC expansion and NK cell depletion.